Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation And Pecutaneous Neuromodulation Therapy

Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS), percutaneous neuromodulation therapy (PNT), and restorative neurostimulation therapy (ReActiv8) combine the features of electroacupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is performed with needle electrodes while PNT uses very fine needle-like electrode arrays placed near the painful area to stimulate peripheral sensory nerves in the soft tissue. ReActiv8 is an implantable electrical neurostimulation system that stimulates the nerves that innervate the lumbar multifidus muscles.